Management is the process of planning, organizing, directing and controlling activities to accomplish organizational goals through the use of human and other resources.

Management is an essential and universal concept for every organisation, whether it is a business or a non-business organization. It is necessary whenever a group of people work together for the accomplishment of any objective.

Planning

Planning is a function of management that involves setting goals and determining how to reach them. It helps managers to look forward and predict changes in the business environment, as well as develop alternatives to their plans if unexpected problems occur.

Planning helps to improve productivity and efficiency in the workplace. It also ensures that employees know exactly what to do and how to do it.

Planning also makes employees feel a sense of purpose and direction. They will work in a way that best helps the organisation to achieve its goals.

Organizing

Organizing is the managerial function that arranges people and resources to achieve an organizational objective. It includes determining the tasks to be performed, dividing them into jobs, grouping them into departments, specifying reporting and authority relationships, delegating the authority necessary for task accomplishment, and allocating and deploying resources in a coordinated fashion.

Managers must make decisions about organizing based on the objectives and strategy of their enterprises. They also consider the external environment that affects their decisions.

Organizing is one of the most important management functions and is essential for effective management of a company. It involves defining work roles, linking jobs, delegating work and keeping up with changes in the environment.

Staffing

Staffing is the process of finding the right people for a particular job. It is a key factor in the success of any business.

It focuses on recruitment, selection, and training of employees. It also helps with employee retention and succession planning for senior positions.

The staffing process involves a hiring agency that advertises open positions and vets applicants to find candidates with the skills and experience needed for your company’s needs. This can save your business time and effort by reducing the number of applicants you need to sort through.

It also enables your HR team to track staffing trends and understand why some people are leaving. This can help you reduce your turnover rate and increase productivity.

Directing

Directing is the function which involves guiding, instructing and motivating employees to achieve organizational objectives. This function is necessary at all levels of an organisation.

From top executives to supervisors, all managers provide guidance and inspiration to their subordinates. This function is a continuous activity as it continues throughout the life of an organisation irrespective of changes in management or employees.

Controlling

Controlling is the process of monitoring performance to ensure that it does not deviate from standards or goals established during planning. It involves three steps: establishing the standard, comparing actual performance against it and taking corrective action when needed.

In controlling, a manager establishes and monitors performance standards to ensure that employees are working toward achieving them. These standards might be monetary, such as sales goals or production targets, or they might be non-monetary, such as customer service expectations or levels of quality.

When a deviation from the standard is detected, a manager must determine why it happened and take corrective action. This step may involve a formal audit or it might just be an informal review of work that has been done.